Medal
Of Honor Award:
Since
1995, the Medal of Honor Award has been granted to important personalities
of the cultural world, without age limit. To date, the winners of
this award are the following:
Juvencio
Valle (1995);
Volodia
Teitelboim (1996); Mario Carreño (1997);
Margarita
Aguirre (1999); Flavián Levine (2000);
Francisco
Coloane (2001); Hernán Loyola (2002);
y
Francisco Velasco y Marie Martner de Velasco (2003).
Valle was born in the year 1900, in Villa Almagro, a small town on
the banks of the river Cautín. His birth name was Gilberto
Concha Riffo. In 1966, he received the National Literary Award. His
poetry may be the highest lyric expression of the native Chilean woods,
of the big rugged territories, of bucolic life, and of the mysteries
and splendors of the Chilean soil.Pablo Neruda said that Juvencio
Valle was "a guitar of clear strings" and drew attention
towards his early school friend when all avant-garde authors denied
any merit to simplicity and clarity. Juvencio Valle published his
first book, La flauta del hombre pan, in 1929. Other books by Valle
published later in Santiago are Tratado del bosque (1932), El libro
primero de Margarita (1937), Nimbo de piedra (1941), El hijo del guarbosque
(1951), Nuestra tierra se mueve (1960), Del monte a la ladera (1960),
and Estación al atardecer (1971).Valle continued to produce
quality work throughout his life. At 95 years of age, he published
Pajarería chilena.Juvencio Valle worked at the National Library
for a considerable number of years; his career reached its highest
point when he was appointed Director of Libraries, Archives and Museums
under Salvador Allende's government. He died in Chile, on February
of 1999.
Teitelboim
was born in Chillán, in 1916, and he studied Law at the Universidad
de Chile.In 1935, when he was nineteen years old, he published, together
with the poet Pablo Anguita, the Antología de la Poesía
Chilena Nueva. Teitelboim is considered a member of the generation
of '38 and has written several essays about it. He has also written
literary criticism for several publications. During the fifties in
Santiago, he founded and directed the cultural magazine Aurora. In
the seventies and eighties in Madrid, he directed the journal Araucaria
de Chile, a magazine of the Chilean intellectual diaspora, open to
all kinds of critical thought and to many important Latin American
intellectuals. In 1952, Teitelboim published his novel Hijo del Salitre;
it had numerous editions in Chile and was translated to several languages.
Several of his novels, including La semilla en la arena and Pisagua
(1975) were also very popular. In 1979, La guerra interna was published
in Mexico. Teitelboim is also a prolific essay writer: Hombre y Hombre
(1969), El pan y las estrellas, and Oficio ciudadano gather images
about Chilean and foreign writers. In 1984, his biography Neruda was
published in Madrid and translated into German, Russian, French, and
English. Other editions were published in the United States, Argentina,
Cuba, and, belatedly, in Chile, where it circulated clandestinely.
His literary activity also includes biographies of Gabriela Mistral,
Vicente Huidobro, and Jorge Luis Borges, and his magnificent series
of autobiographical books, Antes del olvido, where his eyes scour
the century of his life. Presently, he is working on the fourth and
last volume of the series. In the year 2002, Teitelboim received the
National Literary Award.
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| Mario
Carreño 1997 |
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Carreño was born in Havana, Cuba, in 1913.In 1925,
he began his studies in the Academia San Alejandro de Cuba.In
Spain, he studied graphic arts, and in France he had lessons
with the Domincan painter Jaime Colson.In 1939 he met Pablo
Neruda, who invited him to visit Chile.Carreño founded,
together with other artists and architects, the Art School
of the Universidad Católica de Chile, and in 1969 he
was appointed its Subdirector. That same year he became a
Chilean citizen.In 1946, he teaches in The New School for
Social Research in the United States, and in the School of
Fine Arts in Havana, Cuba.Carreño will maintain his
solid friendship with Pablo Neruda until the death of the
latter in 1973.In 1982, he received the National Award for
Art for his work in the Plastic Arts.Carreño died in
Santiago in 1999.
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| Margarita
Aguirre 1999 |
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Aguirre was born in Santiago in 1920. She lived part of her
childhood in Argentina, where her father, Socrates Aguirre,
was the Chilean General Consul at the time when Neruda began
his career at the Chilean Consulate.After her marriage with
Rodolfo Araos, Margarita Aguirre settled once more in Argentina
and later returned to Chile.Her published works include Cuadernos
de una muchacha muda (Santiago, 1951); and El Huésped
(Buenos Aires, 1958), an Emecé Novel Award and Honor
Label of the Argentinian Society of Publishers.Aguirre was
Pablo Neruda's secretary. Her great closeness with the poet
turned her into one of his first biographers. In 1954, she
published Genio y figura de Pablo Neruda, also published under
the title Pablo Neruda, las vidas del poeta. Margarita Aguirre
died in December of 2003.
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| Flavián
Levine 2000 |
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Levine was born in Chile in 1923. He studied Business. In
the 1930s, he helped create the project that gave origin to
the Corporación de Fomento Fabril (Corfo) and the Compañía
de Aceros del Pacífico (Cap). He also participated
in the founding of the Latin American Free Trade Association
(LAFTA), and the Banco del Estado de Chile. He actively participated
in the initiation of the Research Department of Chile's Treasury
Department and in the creation of the Universidad de Chile's
Institute of Economics.He was the first President of the Interamerican
Foundation for the Arts, an iniative he himself promoted with
the idea that the assistance that the Alliance for Progress
gave to Latin American countries could also go to the region's
cultural development. Levine's solid friendship with Pablo
Neruda and Matilde Urrutia led to his active participation
in the creation and formation of The Pablo Neruda Foundation.
He was a member of the Board of Directors until the year 2000,
when he retired for health reasons.In 1992, he received the
Ministry of Education's Order Gabriela Mistral as an award
for his contribution to the development of arts and culture.
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| Francisco
Coloane 2001 |
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Coloane
was born in Quemchi, Chiloé, in 1910. Son of a captain
of coasting trade ships and a peasant woman, he received basic
schooling, and he continued his studies in Ancud and Punta
Arenas but did not finish his secondary education. His mother
died when he was seventeen years old and he had to suspend
his studies in order to make a living. Once he finished his
military service, at the age of eighteen, he worked as a shepherd
and foreman in the sheep ranches of the eastern coast of Tierra
del Fuego. Some time later, he participated in oil prospecting
in the province of Magallanes.Coloane was a clerk for the
Chilean Navy for four years, and in 1933, he traveled in the
sailing ship Baquedano. Later, while living in Santiago, he
worked as a journalist.In 1945, three of his works were published:
Los conquistadores de la Antártida (an adolescent novel),
Golfo de Penas (a collection of short stories), and La Tierra
del Fuego se apaga (a play in three acts). La Tierra del Fuego
se apaga had its premiere in Santiago, in 1956, and was later
filmed in Argentina.In 1964, Coloane received the National
Literary Award. He died in Santiago in August of 2002.
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| Hernán
Loyola 2002 |
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Loyola
was born in Chile in 1932. He studied to become a Spanish
teacher at the Universidad de Chile's Teaching Institute.
Until 1973, he was a teacher of Spanish American Literature
at the Universidad de Chile. Forced to abandon his country,
in 1977 he became a professor at the University of Sassari,
Italy. He was a personal friend of Pablo Neruda and has become
one of the most important world specialists on the poet's
life and work. He has published numerous books, articles,
critical editions and anthologies of Pablo Neruda, among them:
Los Modos de Autorreferencia en la Obra de Pablo Neruda and
Ser y morir en Pablo Neruda. Likewise, he was in charge of
the detailed and documented edition of the Obras Completas
de Pablo Neruda, in five volumes, published by Círculo
de Lectores -Galaxia Gutemberg. He is also preparing a large
volume synthesizing thirty years of research, entitled Pablo
Neruda. La biografía literaria.
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| Francisco
Velasco y Marie Martner 2003 |
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Francisco
Velasco, a medical doctor, was Director of the Salvador hospital
in Vaparaíso, and an Art teacher at the Universidad
de Chile de Valparaíso. Marie Martner de Velasco is
a muralist and stained-glass artist, and a former Art teacher
at the Universidad de Chile's School of Architecture in Valparaíso.They
both met Neruda in 1952, during a demonstration artists and
intellectuals offered to the poet after his return from exile.
In 1959, they bought, together with Neruda, a property that
would later become "La Sebastiana" in the Bellavista
hill of Valparaíso, and so became Neruda's neighbors.
Doctor Francisco Velasco is the author of Neruda a través
de sus metáforas, Neruda, el gran amigo, and Los rostros
de Neruda, published in 1984, 1986 and 1988, respectively.
Presently, he is preparing two books about Neruda: Ideario
de Neruda and Neruda es y no es. His literary activity also
drove him to relate his experience as a political prisoner
onboard of the warship Lebu, in Retenido en Lebu. Marie Martner
created the stone murals that dress Neruda's houses: Los peces
del frío in "La Chascona," Mural azul that
decorates the chimney in Isla Negra, and Maremoto in the living
room of "La Sebastiana". In this last house there
is also a wonderful map of the Antartic and Patagonia based
on an original document Neruda lent Martner.
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